Ece 445 optical fiber communications lecture 01 introduction ece 445 lecture 01 fall semester 2016 stavros iezekiel department of electrical and computer engineering. The purpose of this article is to provide the nontechnical reader with an overview of. Week 14 rayoptics approach snells law, geometric optics, thin lens, matrix. An optical fiber is a long thin strand of impurityfree glass used as a transport medium for data.
Optics notes topics in these notes are wave properties polarization focal lengths geometrical optics i. An optical fiber is a flexible, transparent fiber made of high quality glass silica or plastic, slightly thicker than a human hair. For long range communication system the loss limit was set to 20 dbkm was dbkm or higher at that time. Fundamentals of optical fiber communications 2nd edition. Reduction in the intensity of light as it propagates within the fiber is called attenuation. V number normalized frequency define number of possible modes for a fiber. The outside optical layer of the fiber that traps the light in the core and guides it along even through curves. Note for optical fibre communication ofc by sunil s. In optics the definite integral is integral of the time required for the transit of the light ray from starting to finishing proper value of x that minimizes the optical path length and keeps it stationary at the vicinity.
Light refers to more than the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is near to what is visible to the human eye. Light losses in fibres fibre is a transparent cylinder made of a dielectric. If youre looking for a free download links of fiber optic communications 5th edition pdf, epub, docx and torrent then this site is not for you. It follows a helical trajectory confined within a cylindrical shell of radii r and a. Firstorder optics a thirdorder optics, aberrations b higherorder approximations 3. The center of the fiber where the light is transmitted. Mention of both single mode fiber and multimode fiber is often seen in the literature.
Since an extended object may be treated as a collection of point sources of light, we are specially interested in the images of point objects. Ece 445 optical fiber communications lecture 01 introduction. Optical fibres or optical fibers can also be split into single mode fibre, and multimode fibre. Geometric optics is discussed as an approximation to wave theory when the wavelength is very small compared to other lengths in the problem such as the size of openings. A fiber optic cable right containing 144 tiny glass fibers is compared with a cross section of a conventional copper cable. Message input laser detector message output electrical input electrical. Physical optics lecture notes pdf 44p download book. Fiber optical communication lecture 1, slide 26 geometricaloptics description the fractional index change is. Optical fibers optical fiber basics linearly polarized modes field analysiswave equation of weakly guiding fibers attenuation in fibers dispersion in fibers references. Fiber optics this lecture numerical aperture of optical fiber allowed modes in fibers attenuation distortion modal distortion material dispersion waveguide dispersion last lecture fourier analysis temporal coherence and line width partial coherence. Geometrical optics provides a good understanding of the propagation of light in transparent media and the. An optical fiber is a thin, flexible, transparent fiber that acts as a waveguide, or light pipe, to transmit light between the two ends of the fiber. Unlike the copper form of transmission, fiber optics is not electrical in nature. Optics notes massachusetts institute of technology.
Wave optics propagation, interference and diffraction of waves axel kuhn, oxford 2016 paul ewarts lecture notes and problem sets. This book is based on lectures presented at an annual short course entitled fiber optic communication systems at the university of california at santa barbara. Class lecture notes for third year,sixth semester fiber optics and laser instruments subject code. Due to these advantages the fiber optic is used in field of telecommunication.
This fourth year option covers the optical properties of metals, semiconductors and insulators following the treatment given in my textbook of the same name. It either functions as a waveguide or light pipe that transmits light between two ends of the fiber or fiber cable. The light transmitted through the optical fiber is trapped inside the core due to the total internal. For the benefit of all, please be considerate and abide by. Free optics books download ebooks online textbooks tutorials. Download pdf of fiber optics and optoelectronic devices note offline reading, offline notes, free download in app, engineering class handwritten notes, exam notes, previous year questions, pdf. The background he received, especially in the area of fiber optic testing and measuring, has proven to be invaluable in his daytoday activities.
Superposition of waves, interference, optical interferometry pdf 1. Page 1 introduction fiber optics deals with the light propagation through thin glass fibers. These lecture notes on geometrical optics is an opportunity to present my experiences. Ec6702 optical communication and networks notes download pdf. The figure is trying to say that electric field at a point is increasing and decreasing oscillating as the light passes by. In order to specify the characteristics of optical fibres and systems operating with optical amplifiers and the wdm technique, many new recommendations were developed in itut. An optical fiber is a cylindrical dielectric waveguide made of lowloss materials such as silica glass.
Basics of fiber optics mark curranbrian shirk fiber optics, which is the science of light transmission through very fine glass or plastic fibers, continues to be used in more and more applications due to its inherent advantages over copper conductors. A basic fiber optic system consists of a transmitting device that converts an electrical signal into a light. Nobel prize 2009 good image properties demonstrated for 75 cm long fiber nature 173, 39 1954. Applied optics 2020 from the five sections in which this course is organized parti to partv. The following lecture notes for phys 221, optics and thermal physics, are the sole property of the author, prof. Fiber optics plays an important role in the field of communication to transmit voice, television. Download pdf of fiber optics and optoelectronic devices note offline reading, offline notes, free download in app, engineering class handwritten notes, exam notes, previous year questions, pdf free download. Drawing this figure for a light wave does not mean that light rays move up and down in the air. Pranavi, assistant professor m chadalawada ramanamma engineering college. The physical optics approach is necessary for understanding the limits of resolution of optical imaging systems.
Immense binary flow rates, of the order of several tbs, under laboratory conditions reaching the order of 10 tbs, impossible while using copper based media. They are not to be copied or distributed without the consent of the author. Ei2404 is available here in pdf formats for you to download. Ece 455 6 the aim of this course is to study optical fibre technology and its application to optical communication links and systems the basic questions we will seek to answer in the first few lectures include. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Fiber optics lecture free download as powerpoint presentation. Copies of the hecht book and the lecture notes will be kept in the room and must always remain there. Fermats principle leads to principle of reversibility.
Phys 201 lecture 16 ray or geometrical optics i open. Coupled mode theory optical fibers anisotropic media. Geometrical optics where light is described by rays which show the paths of energy transfer. For example, a slide projector shows an image of a slide on a screen. The optics laboratory may be available by request on weekdays between 9 am and 5 pm. Propagation, interference and diffraction of waves. Gaussian beams and paraxial wave equation ray optics and optical systems optical resonators integrated optics. For our purposes, in understanding how optical instruments work, the wave theory of light is entirely adequate.
Fiber nets are often 48 pairs dense wavelength division multiplexing can put 40160 wavelengths on a fiber pair wireless lans wifi can haul 30 mbps 60% of 54 mbps 4g metro wireless can haul 20 mbps for a user all other telecom technologies serve to provide access to fiber optic links. The optical fiber is a waveguide used for transmission of light. A typical pointtopoint fiber optic communication network consists of a transmitter laser, a transport medium optical fiber and a receiver photodiode as in figure 1. Fiber optics and optoelectronic devices note pdf download.
Longitudal waves are those in which the displacement of the mediumor eld is in the direction of the wave. Lecture notes titile unit titile get lecture notes. You hear about fiber optic cables whenever people talk about the telephone system, the cable tv system or the internet. Introduction to fundamental of fiber optics and waveguide theory. Infrared light covers a fairly wide range of wavelengths. It consists of a dielectric fiber core, usually from glass, surrounded by a layer of glass or plastic cladding characterized by the refraction index lower than that of the core. Spontaneous and stimulated emission of radiation, einsteins coefficients, construction and working of ruby, he ne and laser applications, fundamental idea about optical fibre, types of optical fibre, acceptance angle and cone, numerical aperture, propagation mechanism and communication in optical fibre, attenuation, signal loss in optical fibre and its. Spatial distributions of em fields do not change with time. These lecture notes are the lectures given at the various renowned institutions in india such as maxwell institute, daswani classes kliitjee academy, potential coaching institute and bansal tutorials. Fiber optic receiver and measurements optical networks and system transmission. Light rays incident on the corecladding boundary at angles greater than the critical angle undergo total.
Optical sensor technology university of washington. Some of the applications of the fiber optic in telecommunication system are given below. Photonic devices, jiaming liu, chapter 3 most of the lecture materials here are adopted from elec342 notes. How fiber optics are made web link and video manufacturing fiber optics. Fundamentals of optical fiber communication, second edition is a sevenchapter tutorial text that considers fiber optic technology as applied to communications systems. It has a central core in which the light is guided, embedded in an outer cladding of slightly lower refractive index fig. Most common material used in fibres is fused silica amorphous sio. On the job, mike routinely works with fusion splicers, optical power meters, and laser sources and detectors, as well as with optical spectrum. For a reference on realworld fiber optic transmission, if you think you might like to really design hardware for that, agrawal is by far the best ive seen. Lecture notes optics pdf 57p this note covers the following topics.
The topology of fiber bundles lecture notes ralph l. Fiber optics this lecture numerical aperture of optical fiber allowed modes in fibers attenuation distortion modal distortion material dispersion waveguide dispersion last lecture fourier analysis temporal coherence and line width partial coherence spatial coherence. Ee119, spring 2010 introduction to optical engineering. Download fiber optic communications 5th edition pdf ebook. Online study material, lecturing notes, assignment, reference, wiki and important questions and answers. Optics benjamin crowell book 5 in the light and matter series of introductory physics textbooks. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. The first transatlantic telephone cable with optical fibre in 1988.
Part 1 the basics by eye docs on vimeo, the home for high quality videos and the people who love them. Eikonal equations, gradient index lenses, hamiltonian optics pdf 11. Light propagated in optical fiber in form of modes. Quantum optics where the particle nature of light is. Presentation about fiber optics linkedin slideshare. Fiber optical communications r17a0418 lecture notes b. Lecture notes massachusetts institute of technology. Thin strands of highly transparent glass or sometimes plastic that guide light.
Wave properties in general there are two types of waves. Gp agrawal, fiber optic communication systems, 4th edition you can sample the previous ed. Fiber optic data transmission systems fiber optic data transmission systems send information over fiber by turning electronic signals into light. Optical fibers are widely used in fiber optic communications, which permits transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths data rates than other forms of communication. The following lecture notes for phys 221, optics and thermal. Note optical fibre communication ofc by sunil s haraka. The electromagnetic spectrum is composed of visible and near infrared light. Models for light propagation a ray model geometric optics b wave model physical optics c photon model quantum optics 2. Single mode fiber this form of optical fibre is the type that is virtually exclusively used these days.
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